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Solar water heating or solar hot water is water heated by the use of solar energy. Solar heating  systems are generally composed of solar thermal collectors, a water storage tank or another point of usage, interconnecting pipes and a fluid system to move the heat from the collector to the tank. This thermodynamic approach is distinct from semiconductor photovoltaic (PV) cells that generate electricity from light; solar water heating deals with the direct heating of liquids by the sun where noelectricity is directly generated. A solar water heating system may use electricity for pumping the fluid, and have a reservoir or tank for  heat storage and subsequent use. The water can be heated for a wide variety of uses, including home, business and institution uses. A solar water heating system can form part of a solar thermal cooling system, promoting efficient temperature control of buildings or parts thereof. During cool conditions, the same system can provide hot water.

 

Hot water heated by the sun is used in many ways. While perhaps best  known in a residential setting to provide hot domestic water, solar hot water also has industrial applications, e.g. to generate electricity. Solar water heaters are the most cost effective way to reduce carbon emissions and reduce dependence on imported energy.